Discuss and evaluate the cognitive approach refer to two topics in your answer.
The cognitive approach has been used to explain and treat many human behaviours. A cognitive psychologist looks at the gap between stimulus and response, and states that there is information processing between observing the stimulus and the given response. The response is therefore not automatic, unlike what the behaviourist approach says, and the cognitive theory is that the response is from interpretation undertaken in the brain. This is commonly known as the computer model. For example, a tennis player see’s their opponent hit the ball to their left side (input) The player decides to play the backhand shot (decision making and cognitions) the player then hits the ball and wins the game (output). Understanding these processes has lead to help treat patients suffering with conditions such as OCD and severe phobias, for example Cognitive Behavioural Therapy which is based on the unlearning and changes of cognitions in the brain to change responses.
The stages of information processing are the information is inputted from the stimulus, this is then put into ‘neutral information’. The cognitive processes then are undergone this links the stimulus to past memory, reasoning and attention that the individual has previously gained, and then the response is then outputted. This has been applied to explain topics such as memory. The working memory model supports the statement that humans are information and another main cognitive assumption that humans actively organise and manipulate information. The working memory model consists of separate components that hold certain information such as the episodic buffer which is required to coordinate the subsystems of the model. Also supporting this are the separate components for the visuo-spatial scratchpad and the phonological loop, suggesting that humans do infact actively organise information.
The cognitive approach has been used to explain human behaviours such as extreme phobias, for example Rachman researched a case study on an individual who had a major contamination phobia. Seeing a plaster or anything linked to bloody would cause the individual catastrophic thoughts for example that they would catch aids. A cognitive psychologist would state this was due to a false or damaged interpretation of the stimulus, causing them to think unrealistic thoughts. This can also be explained through over generalising, such as if you are bitten by a dog then all dogs you then interact with later in life will bite you, therefore the previous schema and experience of the one of traumatic event has given you a distorted and sometimes disproportional fear and anxiety of the situation.
Supporting this research is that the cognitive explanation of phobias is coherent with practical theory applications that have proven highly effective, unlike other approaches. Further support of the approach is that its mainly scientific and objective, the research carried out is carefully controlled and replicable therefore having high reliability. However a limitation to this is that the cognitive approach uses a lot of rigorous methods for studying such as introspection and case studies this therefore limits the findings on their ecological validity.
Also the cognitive approach is reductionist it ignores biological factors, referring back to phobias the biological approach suggest that certain individuals are more susceptible to developing a phobia this has been supported by a piece of research undertaken by fyer et al who found that first degree relatives with a specific phobia were much more likely to have a specific phobia themselves. Therefore, supporting the notion that biological factors have to be taken into account when explaining phobias, and that a cognitive explanation alone may not be sufficient as it is reductionist. The cognitive interview has also been used to explain memory and improve eye witness testimony, it has a high effective rate and is therefore regarded highly and has many practical applications. The features of the cognitive interview include the interviewer reinstates the content of the crime for the witness by asking about general activates and feelings on that day. They’re then encouraged to recall every detail of the event from both their point of view and from an on lookers point of view. This therefore supports that information is processed and actively stored thus supporting the cognitive approach.

i let you into my life.
i let you into my home.
i let you into the closest parts of me.
i've let you know the problem.
not im letting you know that accepting it, doesn't make it solved.
sort.
it.
the.
fuck.
OUT.

bored and fed up of how i look.
gonna get my hair cut next week, and maybe change all my piercing bars and maybe get a new one?
i really want some colour into my hair again, but its so hit and miss with colour. hmmm decisions.
i got new plugs today, abit gutted i didn't go a size bigger to be honest, but ill just stay at 26mm's for now.

as i'm in abit of a funny mood, my friend said i should start writing my lyrics again.
i couldnt agree with him more tbf. so you can look forward to seeing some lyrics tonighttt.

happiness.

loving everything at the moment.
finally a positive post!
but seriously, just working through all my GCSE's.
got a really good friend base.
and some romance seems to be on the cards
what more could i ask for ?
xxxx

this is it.

i
am
going
to
get
over
you.
i
am.
trust me.
or am i just kidding myself?

This might sound really strange, but i think you are really lovely, and gorgeous and funny, and if i could, then i so would.

awww this is such a nice one! thank you so much aha, its better than abuse ahaha aww its not strange, just get talking to me :D

Ask me anything!?

look at all the flirting, you masssive slut ;)

Its not my fault :(

Ask me anything!?

today!

i stayed off school today, felt proper ill, but im okay now.
Listening to james morrisons version of sex on fire. its okay but he tries to hit a note, and cant reach it.

my fascination with amy winehouse is getting bigger, i just think shes so attractive, and her attitude just makes this even better, everyone loves a bad girl. A bad girl with talent is just dangerous. lets just hope she doesn't push it too far.



Im going to do all my drama coursework today, thats my goal.
its already 4 oclock so id better get doing some.
Then im gonna get a drink and do some lyrics so keep looking!

righttt,

its 00:25
and i should be doing coursework thats in for tomorrow.
its the cut off date but ill do it after.
ive got mellow songs on and good conversation.
everything seems to be going so good lately.
i just love it.

these lies they burn deep.
deep into my throat
it isn't your fault
its just a secret.






better get courseworking!

oh and

www.twitter.com/yesbagnall

as if to be accepted you need to sell yourself.

im going to start using this again. although i really should spend as much time on my coursework as i do on all the blogging i do. Im not even sure if anyone reads this, but if one person does, its worth writing.

I had this well weird thought the other day, what if i was the only person left on the earth. the thought proper baffled my mind.

ahah

feeling.

really wierd at the moment, my moods are abit of a rollercoaster. i can see there damage, i just don't stop it. i don't know if i want too. i haven't wrote for ages and ages, just been so busy :(


these chains can't hold
this bridge can't break
these are the words
this is the heart to break

just follow the code
dont stray from the path
its all for you
dont you believe it?

really can't be arsed tonight.
and yeh there off the top of my head.

i'd just like to remind everyone

that everything,
including pictures and lyrics on here
are mine
unless it says in the introduction

art project/ creativity

this is me messing around.
and it helps me with my lyrics and writing,
i might twist it and use it in my layering art project.

1.

my heart, these veins.
those colours, these people
this country, this spirit.
stronger than unity
weaker than betrayl.

2.

i sit here and adore you.
my blessing of day
frail in all your power.
i could destroy you.

3.

dont expose me
its to shameful for eyes
its too far to go back
to hard to go forward
the scars are empty.
leave me, leave me be.

4.

baby's open for business
shes dressed as guilt
and theres no one she cant impress
why don't you come inside?


THIS IS A PREVIEW HOPEFULLY THEY'LL GET BETTER.
I'D LIKE FEEDBACK YEHH?

when i helped jamie out.

these were our off the top of our head idea's
he's really good at deep lines,
so he'd give me the first line and i'd see what i could come up with.

there is a motion beneath the waves
theres my head up in the clouds.
i know this is worth it.
i can feel it in my bones.

my lungs inhale what is of you,
what is of me
will rest rest until
im free of your disease


like abestos and dust.
your far more dangerous.
im falling for you
its becoming contagious

my body and soul broken in two.
unconditionally both sides love all of you
my scars that hide a departure smile
like im perfect and your perfect all the while


THIS WILL GET FINISHED.

i'll tear you apart,
ill rip you to shreds.
i wont stop
till you drop down fucking dead.

its what you and i both deserve.
for bieng this niave.
this isnt out of the blue.
i think you should get out, fucking leave.

why are you crying
i told you from the start i was lying
dont tell me you belived me,
i didnt mean a thing.

neglection.

ive neglected this post.
so im gonna start routinely writing stuff now,
because of my loyal followers, on here and the ones that don't have blogspot.
that keep checking for updates and giving me feedback on msn.

so sorry for the neglect guys!

the endless times, we've been over this.
i would of thought it'd be easier,
the sweaty parms and the lump in my throat.
are the warning signs.

im falling for your vicious lies.
your one liners, and your eyes that make me melt.
i dont get why you cant say the words that would complete me
complete the heart thats set on you.


if im with you, nothing ever need to change.
im blind to your love, addicted to your lust.
its the only thing i ever did trust.
is it okay? or is it just over.
i know im not good enough to keep up with your pace.
the heartbeat thats keeping me on my tip toes.






ill finish this sooon.

random

my heart contains your name,
i dont know how, i just know it does.
i know that it'll be there for a long time to come.
and i know it'll take a long time to be replaced.
and even with replacement, it'll still never be erased.
the carving is to deep to be eroded.

because when i see you,
it all falls into place.
just like your arms around me.
just like the way your hand fits mine,
me finding this song so hard to sing,
this poem so hard to construct,
something to do you justice
to match that face of yours.

----------------------------


i wish i could complete you
because its what you deserve,
im sitting here wishing,
that i'd be your everything.

but i know im not up to scratch,
the scratch thats so highly set.


this is just genral shit.

reflective

you give, you give, and you keep giving, and all you get in return is it all chucked in your face.
ive come to the conclusion that this is correct 99% of the time. and the 1% is the time when someone bieng generous to you. ive also came to the conclusion that im no longer gonna care about anyone. as the only person in the world you can remotley trust is yourself, and even then you let yourself down. you'd run around the earth for someone, and theres that little doubt in your mind, that you know they'd only run halfway...